The perspectives of an independent European Security Policy

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The France-British initiative is at the origin of a European Union defense capability, which has since progressed considerably. Despite this progress, and significant policy convergence, there remain important differences over the fine details of a European Union (EU) defense capability. If EU wants seriously to construct a defense capability there are important hurdles to overcome in terms of defining the task an EU force might carry out, institutional issues, practical procedural questions as to how the EU might formally incorporate a defense treaty, and financial implications. As a result, in the short term, the recent defense initiative runs the risk of offering only a weak supplement to the EU, and at a potentially high political cost, especially with respect to the American commitment within NATO. – Summary AFRI-2001