Armed humanitarian intervention. From Kosovo to the responsibility to protect : the challenge of criteria

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10 years after NATO’s « illegal but legitimate » intervention in Kosovo, which raised many controversies, what is the state of the debate about humanitarian intervention ? While lingering notably over the concept of the Responsibility to Protect elaborated by the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty in 2001 and inserted in the Final Document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in September 2005, this article examines the problem of humanitarian intervention criteria. The article wishes to shed some light on the possibly impossible challenge of indetermination confronted by the elaboration of criteria, and to focus debates on the notion of responsibility.