European Union is confronted with a new dual challenge related to international migrations: the opening of borders due to the demographic decrease of population and the shortage of labour force (well-qualified or little qualified) and the closure of borders due to security concerns and to the fears of the public opinion about newcomers’ integration. However, Europe has become one of the first destinations for immigrants in the world, although it hardly accepts this reality. The recent trends in European immigration and asylum policies, launched by the French presidency of the European Union, reflect the dilemma of closing borders or leaving them only ajar.